A rare cause of myocardial infarction and ventricular tachycardia in a young male with HIV/AIDS - spontaneous coronary artery dissection: A case report.

Krishna Prasad,Yash Paul Sharma,Prashant Panda,Tanushi Aggarwal,Ganesh Kasinadhuni

doi:10.34172/jcvtr.2021.24

Abstract

HIV/AIDS is a multisystemic disorder and occurrence of cardiovascular disease is higher compared to non-HIV individuals. Spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD) remains a rare and underdiagnosed cause of acute coronary syndrome (ACS), even in modern day era. SCAD is predominantly seen in young to middle aged females and present as a non-atherosclerotic cause of myocardial ischaemia, infarction or sudden cardiac death (SCD); with or without ventricular arrythmias. Ventricular tachycardia (VT) can sometimes be the initial presentation of SCAD. HIV associated arteriopathy can predispose to occurrence of SCAD. We report a case of a 38-year-old male suffering from HIV/AIDS, with no conventional risk factors presenting as VT. Coronary angiogram showed SCAD in right coronary artery without any flow limitation.

Highlights

Spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD) is a rare nonatherosclerotic cause of myocardial infarction (MI) in young and middle aged population, predominantly seen in peripartum females
The etiology of SCAD has been linked to fibromuscular dysplasia (FMD) where the hematomas in the vessels can predispose to SCAD
SCAD can present as a non-atherosclerotic cause of myocardial ischaemia, infarction or sudden cardiac death (SCD); with or without arrythmias

Summary

Introduction

Introduction Spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD) is a rare nonatherosclerotic cause of myocardial infarction (MI) in young and middle aged population, predominantly seen in peripartum females. SCAD can present as a non-atherosclerotic cause of myocardial ischaemia, infarction or sudden cardiac death (SCD); with or without arrythmias.

Results

Conclusion