A Rare Case Report of the Mandibular Schwannoma

Abstract

In the head and neck region, nerve cell tumours are a rather rare neoplasm. Either the central nerve sheath or the peripheral nerve sheath may be the source of them. The retropharyngeal area, epiglottis, palate, mouth floor, etc., are the most frequently occurring places. Schwann cells, which create the myelin sheath that covers peripheral nerves, give rise to benign non-odontogenic tumours known as schwannomas or neurilemmomas. The majority of schwannomas are slow growing, clearly defined, unilocular, encapsulated lesions with a range of symptoms. Due to the course of the inferior alveolar nerve, the mandible, particularly in the posterior portion of the body and ramus, is the most frequent site of occurrence of intraoral schwannomas. Microscopically, schwannomas have a well-defined perimeter, a capsule around them, and regions that are made up of fascicles of Schwann cells with a spindle cell shape (Antoni A pattern) and microcystic areas (Antoni B pattern). This case report includes the surgical treatment for a rare instance of peripheral soft tissue schwannoma of the mandible along with its surgical management and histological examination.