Abstract
Coats’ disease was first described by George Coats, as a unilateral retinal vascular abnormality.Coats’ disease is a nonhereditary, idiopathic disease presenting with vascular telangiectasia withintraretinal and subretinal exudation with no racial preponderance and systemic associations. Coats’disease presents with a wide ambit of clinical features- vision loss, strabismus, leukocoria, ornystagmus. The three classical features that are pathognomonic of Coats’ are exudative retinaldetachment, telangiectatic vessels, and peripheral retinal ischemia. The modalities for treatment ofCoats disease that can be used are laser photocoagulation, anti-VEGF agents, or a combination ofboth and cryotherapy. This article describes a case report of a 10-year-old male child withcomplaints of painless loss of vision, his ophthalmological evaluation, and the treatment isundertaken.
Highlights
Coats’ disease was first described by George Coats in 1908, as unilateral retinal vascular abnormality [1]
The three classical features that are pathognomonic of Coats’ are exudative retinal detachment, telangiectatic vessels, and peripheral retinal ischemia
In 1955, Reese elaborated on the features described by Coats and Leber and concluded that they were varying presentations of the same disease complex with retinal telangiectasia being the underlying pathology, eventually leading to progressive exudation and retinal detachment [3]
Summary
Coats’ disease was first described by George Coats in 1908, as unilateral retinal vascular abnormality [1]. It was followed by Leber reporting a different syndrome showing multiple retinal aneurysms, associated with retinal degeneration [2]. The Shields study defined Coats disease as idiopathic retinal telangiectasia with intraretinal and/or subretinal exudation without appreciable retinal or vitreal traction [4]. (Images were taken with Optomed Smartscope M5 fundus camera) Systemic examination: Cardio-vascular, central nervous system, respiratory system, and per abdominal system were all within normal limits. Because of the substantial and intensifying nature of the disease, laser photocoagulation was scheduled,532 nm laser photocoagulation, using a laser indirect ophthalmoscope delivery system, was performed to the telangiectatic vessels and peripheral capillary non-perfusion areas in the left eye
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