Abstract
A rare case of neuroleptic malignant syndrome presenting with serious hyperthermia treated with a non-invasive cooling device: a case report
Highlights
A rare side effect of antipsychotic medication is neuroleptic malignant syndrome, mainly characterized by hyperthermia, altered mental state, haemodynamic dysregulation, elevated serum creatine kinase and rigor
Numerous case reports have been published about patients who developed neuroleptic malignant syndrome due to Olanzapin (Zyprexa®) medication
In our case the only residual impairment for the patient is dysarthria with corresponding symmetric cerebellar pyramidal cell destruction demonstrated by increased signal intensity in T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging, most likely caused by the excessive hyperthermia
Summary
The non-invasive cooling device posed a very efficient and safe solution to treat excessive hyperthermia. Neither serious local nor systemic side effects in our setting were observed. In this rare case of excessive hyperthermia caused by neuroleptic malignant syndrome, the fast cooling therapy probably reduced residual impairment and may have even been lifesaving. We believe that the use of the novel generation of commercially available non-invasive cooling devices can be strongly recommended in cases of severe hyperthermia. Consent Written informed consent was obtained from the patient for publication of this case report and accompanying images. Authors’ contributions CS, RG and AK mainly treated the patient during hospital stay and wrote the case report. LN, JCS and DH did the analysis of already published data dealing with severe hyperthermia, whereas FM did the proofreading of the manuscript and revised it critically for important intellectual content
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