A Rare Case of Isolated Congenital Facial Nerve Aplasia in an Infant.

Abstract

Facial nerve aplasia is an exceptionally rare condition, with only a few reported cases in the existing medical literature. Congenital facial palsy (CFP) is characterized by the clinical manifestation of facial paralysis involving the seventh cranial nerve, either evident at birth or shortly thereafter. This condition is categorized based on various parameters, including the presence of trauma or developmental origins, unilateral or bilateral involvement, and whether the paralysis is complete or incomplete. While CFP is uncommon, its occurrence can pose multiple challenges for newborns, such as difficulties in nursing and incomplete closure of the affected eye. In cases where the paralysis persists, there is the potential for a long-term impact on the child's speech, emotional expressions, and mastication. Here we present the case of a six-month-old male child who experienced lower motor neuron palsy of the facial nerve on the left side since birth. This case contributes to the limited knowledge surrounding facial nerve aplasia and CFP, emphasizing the importance of early diagnosis and intervention to mitigate potential long-term complications.