A rare case of infective spondylodiscitis in an 18-month-old infant: Clinical presentation and management

Abstract

Spondylodiscitis is a rare inflammatory condition predominantly observed in adults and presents unique challenges when encountered in infants. Diagnosis in this population is complicated by non-specific symptoms necessitating a high index of suspicion and comprehensive clinical evaluation. This case study reports an exceptional spondylodiscitis case in an 18-month-old infant presented with prolonged asthenia, refusal to walk, loss of appetite, and fever. Physical examination revealed general well-being, good hydration, and bilateral tonsillar hypertrophy. The pain was noted in the right hip joint and thoracolumbar spine while hip joint mobility was unrestricted. Initial investigations were conducted including blood tests, ultrasound of the right hip, and lumbosacral spine radiography, all within normal limits. Magnetic resonance imaging indicated spondylodiscitis. Empiric antibiotic therapy was administered. The fever subsided, and the patient’s condition improved leading to conservative treatment with a custom-fitted orthosis. After 15 days of hospitalization, the patient was discharged. This case report aimed to underscore the importance of early recognition and appropriate intervention as well as the need for multidisciplinary collaboration in managing pediatric spondylodiscitis.