A Rare Case of Escherichia Coli Septic Arthritis in a Patient with Klippel-Trenaunay Syndrome

Abstract

Background: Septic arthritis, also known as infectious arthritis, results from an acute invasion of the joint space by microorganisms that release endotoxins and trigger cytokine release and neutrophil infiltration. This invasion may happen through the hematogenous spread, contiguous spread from another locus of infection, or direct inoculation to a joint. Other causes include iatrogenic from arthrocentesis or arthroscopy. Bacteria, Mycobacterium, and fungi are the most common culprits. Patients typically present with joint pain, swelling, and fever. The condition is associated with increased morbidity and mortality and thus requires prompt diagnosis and treatment.