A rare case of calcified focus discharged into the tracheal lumen in a child with tuberculosis of intrathoracic lymph nodes: a clinical case

Abstract

The article presents a rare case of the isolation of a large calcified lesion in a 1-year-old child A., who was treated for tuberculosis of the intrathoracic lymph nodes, after family contact with his grandfather, a patient with fibrocavernous tuberculosis with bacterial isolation. Bronchi and lymphatic vessels are the main routes of spread of the tuberculosis process in the lungs, and in some cases reactivation of tuberculosis foci is possible. This may be due to damage and destruction of the bronchial wall. Residual tuberculous changes, caseous masses can carry a certain danger in the form of their breakthrough into the lumen of the trachea and bronchus. Aspiration of the contents contributes to the spread of tuberculosis infection; atelectasis, atelectatic pneumonia, etc. may occur. In early childhood, asphyxia with sudden death (suffocation by caseous masses) can occur. During the treatment of tuberculosis, you may encounter rare manifestations of the X-ray picture, the details of which must be assessed in time to choose the right tactics for patient management. In the presented case, the patient did not have activation of residual tuberculous changes; a large calcified lesion was coughed up due to the disintegration of dystrophic changes in the trachea in the affected area. A favorable outcome was recorded.