Abstract
Citharexylum myrianthum Cham. belongs to the Verbenaceae family, which is widespread in traditional medicine and has promising therapeutic potential. However, studies about C. myrianthum are rare in the literature. Therefore, this study shows the isolation and identification of the main chemical constituents present in this plant species and its diuretic effect in rats. A glucoside flavonoid (1), 6-O-glycosyl-4′,5-dihydroxy-3′,7-dimethoxyflavone, was isolated from hexane fraction of leaves by precipitation, and its aglycone (2), 5,6,4′-trihydroxy-7,3′-dimethoxyflavone, was obtained by acid hydrolysis. Their structures were characterized by spectroscopic analysis, including 1D and 2D NMR, LC-ESI-MS/MS, and EIMS data in comparison with literature. Compound 1 is a rare example of natural products, featured as a flavonoid with an O-glucoside moiety on the C-6 position. Both compounds 1 and 2 showed a diuretic and natriuretic effect at a dose of 3 mg/kg. Besides, compound 1 revealed a potassium-sparing effect. Atropine (a non-selective muscarinic receptor antagonist) and indomethacin (a cyclooxygenase inhibitor) fully prevented compound 1 and 2-induced diuresis. For the first time, our study demonstrates the diuretic effect of the flavonoid 1 and its aglycone 2 in rats.
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