A rapid synthesis of 2-substituted 1,2,3- triazole-1-oxide derivative starting from 4-(methyl)isonitrosoacetophenone and its Ni(II) complex: Characterization, DNA binding and cleavage properties

Abstract

An efficient route, not including any metal salt as a catalyst, for the synthesis of a new 2-substituted 1,2,3- triazole-1-oxide is reported in this paper. The title compound has been synthesized via reacting 4-(methyl)isonitrosoacetophenone with hydrazine hydrate and dipyridyl ketone in high yield under mild reaction condition. The structure of the new 1,2,3-triazole-1-oxide has been characterized via single crystal X-ray and spectral studies. The 1:1 ratio reaction of the 1,2,3-triazole 1-oxide ligand with nickel(II) chloride gives the mononuclear complex [Ni(L)(DMF)(Cl)2] which is hexa-coordinated within an octahedral geometry. Characterization of the 1,2,3-triazole compound and its Ni(II) complex with FTIR, 1H and 13C NMR, UV–vis, TGA and elemental analysis also confirm the proposed structures for the compounds. The interactions of the compounds with Calf thymus DNA (CT-DNA) have been investigated via UV–visible spectra and viscosity measurements. The results suggested that both ligand and Ni(II) complex bind to DNA in electrostatic interaction and/or groove binding with a slight partial intercalation. DNA cleavage experiments have been also investigated by agarose gel electrophoresis in the presence and absence of an oxidative agent (H2O2). Both 1,2,3-triazole 1-oxide ligand and nickel(II) complex show nuclease activity, which significantly depends on concentrations of the compounds, both in the presence and absence of an oxidative agent. DNA binding and cleavage affinities of the Ni(II) complex is stronger than that of the 1,2,3-triazole 1-oxide ligand.