Abstract
Campylobacter is the most prominent bacterium associated with foodborne disease and the majority of human infection cases are attributed to chicken. Rapid methods capable of determining the Campylobacter status of poultry products in a short time are needed in today’s fast-paced food supply chain. In this study, we developed and evaluated an easy to perform, rapid and robust method for direct detection of Campylobacter in poultry carcasses based on loop-mediated isothermal DNA AMPlification (LAMP). The method does not require bacterial culture or DNA purification and generates results in just an hour. A total of 171 swabs from chicken and turkey slaughter houses were analyzed in parallel by both LAMP and conventional culture-based enumeration methods to evaluate the performance of the rapid method. Campylobacter was detected by LAMP in 100% of swabs with an enumeration result of ≥800 cfu/swab, and 98.6% (69 out of 70) of samples reported as negative by enumeration (≤10 cfu/swab) were also negative by LAMP. The method is also suitable for analysis of boot swabs from poultry houses, and therefore it represents a convenient screening tool that can be implemented on farm, at slaughter houses, processing plants or retail, to help with the control of Campylobacter contamination throughout the food supply chain. The inclusion of an internal amplification control prevents any potential false negative results due to DNA amplification inhibitors that might be present in the sample.
Highlights
Campylobacter is the most frequently reported cause of acute bacterial gastroenteritis in humans, with a large proportion of cases implicated with consumption of contaminated poultry products (Efsa Panel On Biological Hazards, 2015)
We developed and evaluated an easy to perform, rapid and robust method for direct detection of Campylobacter in poultry carcasses based on loop-mediated isothermal DNA AMPlification (LAMP)
Due to the impact of Campylobacter on human health, governments and industry have been developing strategies to reduce the levels of Campylobacter contamination in poultry, the main vehicle of Campylobacter food poisoning for humans
Summary
Campylobacter is the most frequently reported cause of acute bacterial gastroenteritis in humans, with a large proportion of cases implicated with consumption of contaminated poultry products (Efsa Panel On Biological Hazards, 2015). A survey published by the United Kingdom Foods Standard Agency reported that over 60% of fresh chickens from major retailers in the United Kingdom analyzed between July 2015 and March 2016 were positive for Campylobacter and 11% showed contamination at high levels (>1,000 colony forming units × g−1). A survey published by the United Kingdom Foods Standard Agency reported that over 60% of fresh chickens from major retailers in the United Kingdom analyzed between July 2015 and March 2016 were positive for Campylobacter and 11% showed contamination at high levels (>1,000 colony forming units × g−1)1 These figures represented an improvement with respect to the previous year, the report concluded that. Detection of foodborne pathogens by conventional culture methods is a reliable approach, but it requires specialist laboratories and several days to generate results, and there is no real-time information on pathogen presence or absence. Most procedures are still not fully adequate to be deployed on-site, as they involve specialized skills or facilities to perform certain steps such as DNA extraction or enrichment culture
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