A rapeseed FAE1 gene is linked to the E1 locus associated with variation in the content of erucic acid

Abstract

The synthesis of very long chain fatty acids occurs in the cytoplasm via an elongase complex. A key component of this complex is the β-ketoacyl-CoA synthase, a condensing enzyme which in Arabidopsis is encoded by the FAE1 gene. Two sequences homologous to the FAE1 gene were isolated from a Brassica napus immature embryo cDNA library. The two clones, CE7 and CE8, contain inserts of 1647 bp and 1654 bp, respectively. The CE7 gene encodes a protein of 506 amino acids and the CE8 clone, a protein of 505 amino acids, each having an approximate molecular mass of 56 kDa. The sequences of the two cDNA clones are highly homologous yet distinct, sharing 97% nucleotide identity and 98% identity at the amino acid level. Southern hybridisation showed the rapeseed β-ketoacyl-CoA synthase to be encoded by a small multigene family. Northern hybridisation showed the expression of the rapeseed FAE1 gene(s) to be restricted to the immature embryo. One of the FAE1 genes is tightly linked to the E1 locus, one of two loci controlling erucic acid content in rapeseed. The identity of the second locus, E2, is discussed.