Abstract
BackgroundTo evaluate the efficacy of overminus lenses combined with prism spectacles in children of 3 to 6 years of age with intermittent exotropia (IXT).MethodsSixty patients with IXT were randomly assigned to the treatment and observation groups. Each group included 30 IXT children aged 3 to 6 years. The treatment group was prescribed overminus lenses of − 2.50 D incorporated with the 2 PD base-in prisms on each side. Ocular alignment, the status of binocular vision, as well as the refraction changes were carried out and followed at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months. A revised form of the Newcastle Control Score (NCS) was used to evaluate the patients’ ability to control their IXT.ResultsAfter 12 months, the mean refractive error was 1.42 ± 1.25 D, and 1.43 ± 1.12 D for the observation and the treatment group, respectively (95% CI: − 0.61 to 0.62)); the mean exotropia control score was 5.72 ± 1.28 and 1.75 ± 1.18 in the observation and the treatment group, respectively (95% CI: − 4.63 to − 3.33); the mean near stereoacuity was 2.16 ± 0.42 log arcsec and 1.91 ± 0.26 log arcsec in the observation and the treatment group, respectively (95% CI: − 0.44 to − 0.06).ConclusionsIn our randomized clinical trial, overminus spectacles with prism significantly improved the control of IXT and stereopsis, by reducing the angle of strabismus in children with IXT. This treatment does not appear to cause myopia, at least in the manner used this series. A further randomized trial is warranted to assess the effect of overminus spectacles with prism after the treatment has been discontinued.Trial registrationThis study adheres to CONSORT 2010 guidelines. Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, ChiCTR1900025243. Registered 17 August 2019.
Highlights
To evaluate the efficacy of overminus lenses combined with prism spectacles in children of 3 to 6 years of age with intermittent exotropia (IXT)
The inclusion criteria were as follows: (1) Exodeviation angle was more than 15 prism diopters (PD) at a distance measured by prism and alternate cover test (PACT); (2) The difference was within 10 PD between the near and distance deviations; (3) The spherical equivalent (SE) ranged from + 0.50 to + 5.00 D; (4) The Newcastle Control Score (NCS) was ≥3
Our research further provided evidence that overminus lenses combined with prism do not cause myopia, at least in the manner used in this series at 12 months follow-up
Summary
To evaluate the efficacy of overminus lenses combined with prism spectacles in children of 3 to 6 years of age with intermittent exotropia (IXT). Intermittent exotropia (IXT) is a very common form of childhood strabismus, occurring in approximately 0.5 to 1% of the general population [1, 2]. It accounts for approximately 25% of pediatric strabismus in Caucasians and that of 44.9% in Chinese children [3]. Onset of IXT, within the age of 2 to 5 years, is common, but it may present shortly after birth [4]. As an alternative non-surgical intervention treatment, are often used for children
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