A randomized study of computerized working memory training and effects on functioning in everyday life for patients with brain injury

Abstract

Background: Working memory (WM) problems influence most activities of daily living. The aim was to evaluate if computerized working memory training after brain injury has a significant effect on functioning in daily life.Method: Outpatients with WM deficits, aged 22–63 years, were randomized to either intervention group (IG, n = 20) or control group (CG, n = 18) and received 5 weeks standard rehabilitation. The IG also received WM training with the Cogmed QM training program. Assessments were made before (A1), immediately (A2) and 3 months (A3) after intervention. After follow-up, the CG was offered the computerized training and assessed after this (A4; n = 8). Assessments included the WAIS-III Digit span reversed, Fatigue Impact Scale (FIS), Assessment of Motor and Process Skills (AMPS), Rivermead Behavioural Memory Test-II (RBMT-II) and a WM questionnaire.Results: The IG improved on digit span and FIS, A1–A2, and significantly more than the CG on the WM questionnaire, A1–A3. Both groups improved in AMPS motor skill and the AMPS process skill score tended towards significant improvement in the IG, from A1–A3. After training (A3–A4), the CG improved in digit span and RBMT-II.Conclusion: The WM training seems to have a generalized effect on functional activity and lessens fatigue.