A randomized controlled trial of a senior centre group programme for increasing social support and preventing depression in elderly people living at home in Norway.

Hege Bøen,Odd Steffen Dalgard,Rune Johansen,Erik Nord

doi:10.1186/1471-2318-12-20

Hege Bøen, Odd Steffen Dalgard + Show 2 more

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https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2318-12-20

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Journal: BMC geriatrics	Publication Date: May 20, 2012
Citations: 40	License type: cc-by

Affiliation: Norwegian Institute of Public Health

Abstract

BackgroundLate-life depression is a common condition and a challenging public health problem. A lack of social support is strongly associated with psychological distress. Senior centres seem to be suitable arenas for community-based health promotion interventions, although few studies have addressed this subject. The objectives were to examine the effect of a preventive senior centre group programme consisting of weekly meetings, on social support, depression and quality of life.MethodsA questionnaire was sent to a random sample of 4,000 persons over 65 in Oslo, and a total of 2,387 completed questionnaires were obtained. These subjects served as a basis for recruitment of participants for a trial, with scores on HSCL-10 being used as a main inclusion criterion. A total of 138 persons were randomized into an intervention group (N = 77) and control group (N = 61). Final analyses included 92 persons. Social support (OSS-3), depression (BDI), life satisfaction and health were measured in interviews at baseline and after 12 months (at the end of the intervention programme). Perceptions of benefits from the intervention were also measured. Mean scores, SD, SE and CI were used to describe the changes in outcomes. Effect sizes were calculated based on the original scales and as Cohen’s d. Paired sample tests and ANOVA were used to test group differences.ResultsThere was an increase in social support in both groups, but greatest in the intervention group. The level of depression increased for both groups, but more so in the control than the intervention group. There was a decrease in life satisfaction, although the decrease was largest among controls. There were almost no differences in reported health between groups. However, effect sizes were small and differences were not statistically significant. In contrast, most of the participants said the intervention meant much to them and led to increased use of the centre.ConclusionsIn all probability, the intervention failed to meet optimistic targets, but possibly met quite modest ones. Since intention-to-treat analysis was not possible, we do not know the effect on the intervention group as a whole. A further evaluation of these programmes is necessary to expand the group programme. For the depressed, more specialized programmes to cope with depression may be a more appropriate intervention.Trial RegistrationDRKS00003120 on DRKS

Highlights

Late-life depression is a common condition and a challenging public health problem
A lack of social support is strongly associated with psychological distress in elderly people, and is an important psychosocial risk factor for depressive disorders later in life [6]
Changes on the four outcome measures in the intervention and control groups were reported in terms of mean scores at intervention and at follow-up, including standard deviations (SD) at each of these, mean differences from intervention to follow-up, the standard deviations of these differences, the standard erroprsffiffi(ffiffiSE) of the mean differences calculated as SE 1⁄4 SD= N and the 95% confidence intervals of the mean differences calculated as mean differences + / - 2 SE

Summary

Introduction

Late-life depression is a common condition and a challenging public health problem. The objectives were to examine the effect of a preventive senior centre group programme consisting of weekly meetings, on social support, depression and quality of life. Late-life depression and depressive symptoms are common conditions and a challenging public health problem. A Norwegian study reported that the prevalence of depression increased with age, and was highest among the eldest. Of those 80 years and older, depression was reported by 20% [2]. A lack of social support is strongly associated with psychological distress in elderly people, and is an important psychosocial risk factor for depressive disorders later in life [6]. A randomized controlled trial showed a decrease in the feeling of loneliness among frail elders who had been exposed to a physically oriented rehabilitation programme [9]

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