Abstract
Hypnosis and nonhypnotic support were compared for effectiveness in reducing chemotherapy related nausea and vomiting for 60 chemotherapy combinations in 42 children with cancer. Patients were randomized to a hypnosis, support, or control group, and two matched baseline courses of chemotherapy were compared with two courses with intervention. The nausea and vomiting were reduced for the hypnosis group, with the largest reduction occuring for nausea duration (p<.03) and bother (p<.01). A reduction of > 8 hours in the duration of both nausea and vomiting occurred more than 3 times as often in the hypnosis group as in the control group. Unlike either of the intervention groups, 75% of the patients in the control group reported a 20% increase in the extent to which chemotherapy bothered them. In summary, nausea and vomiting, improved with hypnosis but did not improve with nonhypnotic support. The control group demonstrated a consistent worsening of all symptoms over time, indicating that children do not “get used to” chemotherapy. The findings indicate that behavioral intervention can modify chemotherapy related symptoms and reduce the extent to which treatment bothers children with cancer.
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