A Randomized Clinical Trial Comparing Immediate Loading and Delayed Loading of Single-Tooth Implants: 5-Year Results.

Björn Gjelvold,Jenö Kisch,Bruno R Chrcanovic

doi:10.3390/jcm10051077

Björn Gjelvold, Jenö Kisch + Show 1 more

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https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm10051077

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Abstract

The aim of this prospective randomized clinical study was to compare the clinical treatment outcome for single dental implants submitted to either immediate loading (IL) or delayed loading (DL) after 5 years of follow-up. Fifty patients with a missing maxillary tooth (15–25) were randomly allocated to either the IL or DL. The treatment procedures included implant installation in healed sites, temporary screw-retained crown and replacement with a permanent single implant crown. The two groups were evaluated with regard to implant survival, marginal bone level, papillae index, pink and white esthetic score (PES, WES). At the 5-year follow-up the implant survival rate was 100% and 95.8% for IL and DL, respectively. Implant success rate was 91.7% and 83.3% for IL and DL, respectively. The mean ± SD marginal bone loss for IL and DL was −0.50 ± 0.73 mm and −0.54 ± 0.65 mm, respectively. (p = 0.782). Statistically significant less marginal bone loss was found non-smokers (p = 0.021). No statistically significant differences were found for IL and DL concerning papillae index PES and WES after 5 years. This study suggests that implant-supported single crowns in the maxillary aesthetic zone can present similar results with respect to either IL or DL after 5 years.

Highlights

No statistically significant differences were found for immediate loading (IL) and delayed loading (DL) concerning papillae index pink esthetic esthetic score score (PES) and white esthetic esthetic score score (WES) after 5 years
This study suggests that implant-supported single crowns in the maxillary aesthetic zone can present similar results with respect to either IL or DL after 5 years
Single crowns supported by implants have become a well-established approach to rehabilitate single-tooth edentulous spaces, especially when the adjacent teeth are in pristine state [1]

Summary

Introduction

Single crowns supported by implants have become a well-established approach to rehabilitate single-tooth edentulous spaces, especially when the adjacent teeth are in pristine state [1]. When the rehabilitation site is in the anterior maxilla, the aesthetic appearance is of paramount importance [2]. This is especially true for when the patient requests immediate function of the implant-supported crown over delayed loading (DL), which could have aesthetical short-term implications [3]. A previous study observed lower papilla index scores for the immediate loading (IL) single crowns at temporary and definitive crown placement stages in comparison to DL crowns [3]. The present 5-year randomized clinical study aimed to compare clinical and aesthetic outcomes of implant-supported single crowns in the aesthetic zone of the maxilla submitted to either IL and DL protocols. This report consists of longer clinical follow-up results of a previously published 1-year clinical study [3]

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