A Radiographic Evaluation of Mandibular Asymmetry in Class II Division 1 Malocculsion Pattern

Abstract

Introduction: Mandibular asymmetry may cause not only esthetic problem but also functional problem as it has a direct role in stomatognathic system.
 Objective: The objective of this study was to find out the difference between condylar asymmetry ratio in Class II division 1 malocclusion group and normal occlusion group in males and females.
 Materials & Methods: Orthopantomogram radiographs were selected from the pool of records such that there were 40 Class II division 1 males and females above 20 years of age. Thirty normal occlusion subjects (15 males, 15 females) were enrolled and orthopantomogram records were taken. All the films were hand traced on the acetate paper and the mean condylar, ramal and condylar plus ramal asymmetry index were measured in the normal and Class II Division 1 groups according to the method given by Habets. Independent sample t-test was done to compare between the normal occlusion and Class II Division 1 malocclusion for each male and female group.
 Result: Significant difference was observed between condylar heights, combined height and condylar asymmetrical ratio. Respectively in females. However, all other asymmetrical ratios were insignificant. Similarly, for males, condylar height, ramus height, combined (condyle and ramus) were all significant respectively. However, the asymmetric ratios were found to be insignificant. There is a significant difference between Class II division 1 malocclusion and normal occlusion group in terms of condylar asymmetry ratio in female subjects. However, it was not significant in case of male subjects.
 Conclusion: Our study suggests that females with Class II division 1 malocclusion more prone to TMD in comparison to males.