A radioactive assay allowing the quantitative measurement of cuticular permeability of intact Arabidopsis thaliana leaves

Abstract

Cuticular penetration of five different ¹⁴C-labeled chemicals (benzoic acid, bitertanole, carbaryl, epoxiconazole and 4-nitrophenol) into Arabidopsis thaliana leaves was measured and permeances P (ms⁻¹) were calculated. Thus, cuticular barrier properties of A. thaliana leaves have been characterized quantitatively. Epoxiconazole permeance of A. thaliana was 2.79 × 10⁻⁸ ms⁻¹. When compared with cuticular permeances measured with intact stomatous and astomatous leaf sides of Prunus laurocerasus, frequently used in the past as a model species studying cuticular permeability, A. thaliana has a 48- to 66-fold higher permeance. When compared with epoxiconazole permeability of isolated cuticles of different species (Citrus aurantium, Hedera helix and P. laurocerasus) A. thaliana permeability is between 17- to 199-fold higher. Co-permeability experiments, simultaneously measuring ¹⁴C-epoxiconazole and ³H₂O permeability of isolated cuticles of three species (C. aurantium, H. helix and P. laurocerasus) showed that ³H₂O permeability was highly correlated with epoxiconazole permeability. The regression equation of this correlation can be used predicting cuticular transpiration of intact stomatous leaves of A. thaliana, where a direct measurement of cuticular permeation using ³H₂O is impossible. Water permeance estimated for A. thaliana was 4.55 × 10⁻⁸ m⁻¹, which is between 12- and 91-fold higher than water permeances measured with isolated cuticles of C. aurantium, H. helix and P. laurocerasus. This indicates that cuticular water permeability of the intact stomatous leaves of the annual species A. thaliana is fairly high and in the upper range compared with most P values of perennial species published in the past.