Abstract
BackgroundPorcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) is the causal agent of postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS), causing large economical losses of the global swine industry. Nitric oxide (NO), as an important signaling molecule, has antiviral activity on some viruses. To date, there is little information on the role of NO during PCV2 infection.ResultsWe used indirect fluorescence assay (IFA), TCID50, real-time RT-qPCR and western blot assay to reveal the role of NO in restricting PCV2 replication. PCV2 replication was inhibited by a form of NO, NO•, whereas PCV2 was not susceptible to another form of NO, NO+.ConclusionOur findings indicate that the form of NO• has a potential role in the fight against PCV2 infection.
Highlights
Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) is the causal agent of postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS), causing large economical losses of the global swine industry
PCV1 is non-pathogenic to pigs, PCV3 is characterized by PDNS, reproductive failure, as well as cardiac and multisystemic inflammation, PCV2 is pathogenic as the agent of porcine circovirus associated disease (PCVAD), which is a globally emerging disease with a huge impact on swine-producing countries [3, 4]
Cytotoxicity The results indicated that maximum non-cytotoxic concentration (MNTC) of sodium nitroprusside (SNP) (Sigma, USA), vitamin C (VC) (Sigma, USA) and SNP plus VC to PK-15 cells were 500, 62.5 and 31.25 μM respectively (Fig. 1)
Summary
Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) is the causal agent of postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS), causing large economical losses of the global swine industry. PCV1 is non-pathogenic to pigs, PCV3 is characterized by PDNS, reproductive failure, as well as cardiac and multisystemic inflammation, PCV2 is pathogenic as the agent of porcine circovirus associated disease (PCVAD), which is a globally emerging disease with a huge impact on swine-producing countries [3, 4]. The antiviral activity of NO activity has been demonstrated against a variety of viruses including Marek’s disease virus, astrovirus, dengue virus type 2, herpes simplex virus type 1 and Theiler’s murine encephalomyelitis virus [10,11,12,13,14]. As L-arginine is the natural precursor of NO [17], whether the inhibition of PCV2 induced by L-arginine is associated with NO, it remains unknown to us
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