Abstract
The aim of this paper is to discuss the intrinsic motivations for the existence of the whistleblower, opposed to the extrinsic motivations, which are more widely discussed in academia and is used in regulations around the world. We will focus on the importance of the social judgment of the act and the moral motivations linked to the trade-off between the values of loyalty and equity. To this end, we will first introduce the institute, with an overview on international regulation and the recent national regulation brought by the Pacote Anticrime, approved in 2019. Then, we will present the most used motivation, the financial reward. We will move on to the theoretical paradigms used in research to study intrinsic motivation, notably the Social Intuitionist Model for the importance of judging others and the Moral Foundations Theory for explaining equity and loyalty. Finally, we will discuss the importance of understanding the intrinsic motivations for a more efficient institutional and legislative design.
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