A quasi-one-dimensional model for speech production

Abstract

A quasi-one-dimensional model for speech production was developed. The unsteady quasi-one-dimensional Euler equations with temporal and spatial area variation were solved using a fourth-order accurate Runge–Kutta scheme for time integration and a sixth-order compact finite-difference scheme for spatial discretization. A model for wall friction was used, and a model for the pressure loss associated with flow separation at the glottis was derived. The code was validated by calculations of steady isentropic flow through a nozzle and an acoustic standing wave in a tube with uniform cross-sectional area. A simple geometry was then used to simulate the acoustic wave generated in the vocal tract. The results are in qualitative agreement with data from experiments obtained using a dynamic model of the larynx. [Work supported by NIH DCO 3577-02, RO1 grant from NICDC.]