Abstract
High renewable energy integrated standalone microgrid requires greater ramping capabilities from other dispatchable resources to compensate for effects of the intermittent and variability of the renewable energy available in the system. To address this, a wind-solar-thermal-hydro-coupled multi-source standalone microgrid (WSTHcMSSM) considering demand response and pumped hydro storage is proposed to maximize the operating profit and get the optimal solution of the multi-source generation system by taking advantage of multi-resource complementarity. In WSTHcMSSM, we present a conditional value-at-credibility (CVaC)-based quantitative risk-averse model for uncertain wind and solar power by thoroughly examining the randomness and fuzziness characteristics. Additionally, the most severe issues caused by wind and solar power fluctuation happen during the peak load, and this paper proposes a load partitioning method to get the time-of-use (TOU) in demand response for peak load shaving. A case study is conducted for the validation of the proposed method. It is found from the study case that the CVaC can well evaluate the uncertainty in WSTHcMSSM with wind and solar integration. Additionally, the WSTHcMSSM can efficiently explore the potential flexibility in multi-source complementarity for promoting the penetration of renewable energy.
Highlights
In consideration that the most severe issues caused by wind and solar power fluctuation happen during the peak load, this paper proposes a load partitioning method to determine the time-of-use (TOU) price in demand response (DR) to explore the potential flexibility of WSTHcMSSM microgrid scheduling
Given the system load demand, hydraulic continuity limits, water discharge limits, reservoir storage volume limits, unit generation limits, and available wind and solar power at a specified time horizon, this paper presents a conditional value-at-credibility (CVaC) model to quantitatively evaluate the uncertain risk associated with wind and solar forecasting error, and optimally dispatch of micro-turbine, wind turbine, solar station, and hydro source in WSTHcMSSM system, which amounts to taking the advantage of multisource complementarity
The comparison illustrates that in WSTHcMSSM scheduling, the coupling of uncertain wind and solar power can mitigate the impact of uncertainty on system operation, and in future research, the virtual aggregation mechanism should be considered in WSTHcMSSM for addressing the uncertain renewable energy
Summary
Publisher’s Note: MDPI stays neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. Thereby, it poses significant challenges to the safe and economic operation of standalone microgrid with a high penetration level of wind and solar power Both battery storage and hydro storage are a topic of great importance for addressing the uncertain renewable energy. A conditional value-at-credibility (CVaC)-based quantitative risk-averse model is first developed to address the uncertainty of wind and solar power in WSTHcMSSM system, making the system reach a trade-off option. In consideration that the most severe issues caused by wind and solar power fluctuation happen during the peak load, this paper proposes a load partitioning method to determine the time-of-use (TOU) price in DR to explore the potential flexibility of WSTHcMSSM microgrid scheduling.
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