Abstract
ABSTRACT Quantitative information on the protoplasmic movement during cleavage is one of the most important desiderata in the study of cell division. Spek (1918) described the protoplasmic streaming during cleavage and emphasized the importance of the surface tension in the cell division, giving attention to the similarity of this protoplasmic streaming to the streaming within an oil drop dividing as a result of local difference in surface tension. Dan and his collaborators (Dan, Yanagita & Sugiyama, 1937; Dan, Dan & Yanagita, 1938; Dan & Dan, 1940, 1942, 1947; Dan, 1943; Dan & Ono, 1954; Ishizaka, 1958) reported a series of experiments in which the cortical movement during cleavage was followed by measuring the movement of kaolin particles adhering to the cell surface. The results obtained by Spek and by Dan provide qualitative information on the protoplasmic movements during cleavage. However, from their data it is neither possible to make a quantitative analysis of the protoplasmic movement nor to infer the correlation between cortical and endoplasmic movements in detail. In the present work protoplasmic (both cortical and endoplasmic) movement during cleavage of the sea-urchin egg is described in a quantitative fashion, in order to provide basic data for the study of cell division.
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