A Quantitative Chemical Method for Determining the Surface Concentration of Stone-Wales Defects for 1D and 2D Carbon Nanomaterials.

Alexander Voznyakovskii,Sergey Kidalov,Aleksei Vozniakovskii,Anna Neverovskaya

doi:10.3390/nano12050883

Alexander Voznyakovskii, Sergey Kidalov + Show 2 more

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https://doi.org/10.3390/nano12050883

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Journal: Nanomaterials	Publication Date: Mar 7, 2022
Citations: 10	License type: CC BY 4.0

Affiliation: Ioffe Institute

Abstract

A quantitative method is proposed to determine Stone–Wales defects for 1D and 2D carbon nanostructures. The technique is based on the diene synthesis reaction (Diels–Alder reaction). The proposed method was used to determine Stone–Wales defects in the few-layer graphene (FLG) nanostructures synthesized by the self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS) process in reduced graphene oxide (rGO) synthesized based on the method of Hammers and in the single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNT) TUBAL trademark, Russia. Our research has shown that the structure of FLG is free of Stone–Wales defects, while the surface concentration of Stone–Wales defects in TUBAL carbon nanotubes is 1.1 × 10−5 mol/m2 and 3.6 × 10−5 mol/m2 for rGO.

Highlights

The surge of this interest is because atomic-scale defects significantly affect nanocarbon particles’ physical and electrical parameters [1]
Most researchers focus on the detection of Stone–Wales (SW) defects, which make the greatest contribution to the deviation of the electrophysical properties of defective 1D and 2D nanocarbons from those of nanocarbons with an undamaged structure [2]
The SW defect is formed when one of the C–C bonds in the monolayer plane is rotated by an angle of 90◦ (Stone–Wales transformation), which leads to the appearance of two heptagons and two pentagons

Summary

Introduction

The awarding of the Nobel Prize to A. Novoselov for their work on exfoliation and prediction of the properties of 2D nanocarbon-graphene for many research groups was the impetus for the start of research on the fine organization of the nanocarbon family with sp hybridization of carbon atoms (the family of graphene structures, including, graphene itself-2D nanocarbons, single-walled and multi-walled nanotubes-1D nanocarbons). The surge of this interest is because atomic-scale defects (impurities, vacancies, topological defects) significantly affect nanocarbon particles’ physical and electrical parameters [1]. Most researchers focus on the detection of Stone–Wales (SW) defects, which make the greatest contribution to the deviation of the electrophysical properties of defective 1D and 2D nanocarbons from those of nanocarbons with an undamaged structure [2].

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Conclusion