Abstract
In multi-cultural Sri Lankan conditions, poultry meat is paramount importance in ensuring food security and improving nutrition. Issues as contact dermatitis and ammonia emission in broiler industry which caused by diminished litter parameters cause reduction of meat quality, profits and environmental conditions. Therefore use of Turmeric (Curcuma longa) (TM) powder as an antiseptic litter amendment at several application levels to enhance litter parameters with microbial demolition was attempted. Three months old broiler litter (2 kg) sample was taken and initial pH and moisture was determined. Turmeric was used to mix at levels of 0%, 1%, 3%, 5% and 8% (w/w). After mixing, 150 g of mixed litter was placed in container for each level of the 4 replicates, incubated for 5h and analyzed for Total Plate Count (TPC), Yeast and Mold Count (YMC), total Nematode Count (NC), ammonia emission, pH and moisture. Significant reduction (p <0.05) of total bacteria was seen (20%, 46%, 95% and 96%) when 1%, 3%, 5% and 8% applications of TM. The YMC reduction was also significant (p <0.05) (34%, 41%, 55% and 65%). Total nematode reduction (p <0.05) was 22%, 45%, 62.5% and 70%. A significant (p <0.05) pH reduction with increment of TM also seen (0.1, 2, 3 and 3%). Moisture (%) was increased (p <0.05) (6, 0.78, 19 and 1%). Ammonia emission was significantly decreased (p <0.05) by increased TM (64, 68, 73 and 84%) against control. It was concluded that the bacterial, fungal, nematode counts, pH and Ammonia emission of broiler litter can be significantly reduced with the application of 8% (w/w) of turmeric powder.
Highlights
Chicken meat is the most popular meat type of Sri Lanka which had a production of 14.45 million MT, exports of 1524.46 MT and per capita availability of 7.09 kg (Department of Animal Production and Health, 2014)
The overall objective of the study was to investigate the applicability of Turmeric powder as a natural antiseptic litter amendment to diminish microbial populations, ammonia emission rates by antimicrobial effects and wiping out conditions that favor microbes such as pH and moisture to increase the quality of broiler production with comprehensive green alternative
150 g of mixed litter was placed in container for each level as 4 replicated samples (5 X 4) and incubated at 30 °C for 5h and analyzed for Total Plate Count (TPC) (Scott et al, 1998) (ISO Standard procedure), Yeast and Mold count (YMC) (Obire et al, 2008) (ISO Standard procedure), total Nematode Count (NC), pH, moisture % and litter ammonia emission rate (Moore et al, 1996) (ISO Standard procedure)
Summary
Chicken meat is the most popular meat type of Sri Lanka which had a production of 14.45 million MT, exports of 1524.46 MT and per capita availability of 7.09 kg (Department of Animal Production and Health, 2014). As an industry which relies on quality, production and highly perishable nature, the profit maximization is bit challenging. Diseases to live animals and other management costs affect the industry in general. Chickens spend their entire life on a litter which has a higher microbial population may lead to contaminated processed carcasses by increasing the microbial load of skin and feathers and providing a source for upper gastrointestinal contamination during pre-harvest feed withdrawal. Addition of birds onto litter adds large amount of excreta, feathers, feed and water. The quality of the inhouse environment is highly dependent upon litter quality because of thousands of birds on thousand tons of litter
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