A Qualitative Study Investigating the Current Practices, Obstacles, and Needs of Enteral Nutrition Support among Registered Dietitians Managing Non-Critically Ill Hospitalized Patients in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

Abstract

Introduction: Despite the wide availability of international guidelines that direct enteral nutrition practices, no recommendations or guidelines are tailored specifically for the unique healthcare environment in Saudi Arabia. Specifically tailored national guidelines are considered essential evidence that should be developed and followed. However, understanding the current practices, local needs, and gaps is important to facilitate the process of developing a practical national guideline. Methodology: In this qualitative study, focus groups using a structured interview technique were conducted to gain an in-depth understanding of the current enteral nutrition practices and related needs/obstacles from 24 registered dietitians handling non-critically ill patients. The recorded sessions were transcribed, and then themes were identified via coding analysis. In addition, the inter-rater agreement of the data’s themes was evaluated. Results: Five focus group sessions that consisted of 24 participants (3 males and 21 females) working in private and governmental hospitals (18 governmental and 6 private) in Riyadh city were conducted. Ten enteral nutrition practice-related themes for non-critically ill patients were identified via coding analysis, in addition to four obstacle-related themes and four need-related themes. Conclusion: Non-critically ill patients represent the most significant majority of hospitalized patients. Therefore, it is recommended for the relevant regulatory authorities to develop national enteral nutrition guidelines and policies that guarantee consistent and sustainable care, along with improving the health outcomes for this population.