Abstract
Fused deposition modeling (FDM) technology is a method of additive manufacturing that is growing with widely application. Due to the increasing tense of energy situation, it is also timely to consider the economic and environmental issues of growth in rapid prototyping technology. However, the question of how to model the functional relationship between printing parameters and energy consumption has received little attention. Only few researchers deal with the process optimization including the energy aspects. This paper explores how the printing parameters affect the energy demand for FDM process based on Group Method of Data Handling (GMDH) method. Further experimentations were designed, and an evaluation model of the energy demand based on GMDH algorithm has been proposed, in which the ANOVA revealed that the model is very significant. Meanwhile, by the ANOVA method, the printing system’s energy consumption is analyzed to find the critical factors, in order to make best improvement in the system level. It is concluded that worktable temperature and layering thickness obviously have a significant influence on energy demand of the printing process. Finally, using differential evolution (DE) algorithm, optimal process parameters have been found to achieve good energy consumption simultaneously for the response. The results showed that the energy demand of the FDM process is improved by optimizing the printing parameters. Hence, the approach presented in this paper provides an important addition to existing additive manufacturing processes energy evaluating methods.
Highlights
The industrial sector represented over one third of global energy consumption and CO2 emissions [1], [2] and is considered a major sector where sustainable transformative changes most needed [3]
Claimed as a green technology [4], additive manufacturing (AM) or rapid prototyping has a great potential for materials and energy efficiency, and gets fast development and extensive application
The results indicated that the print bed heating and temperature maintaining is the chief part of energy consumption [18]
Summary
The industrial sector represented over one third of global energy consumption and CO2 emissions [1], [2] and is considered a major sector where sustainable transformative changes most needed [3]. Claimed as a green technology [4], additive manufacturing (AM) or rapid prototyping has a great potential for materials and energy efficiency, and gets fast development and extensive application. Compared with traditional subtractive machining methods, fused deposition modeling (FDM) is one broadly applied type of AM technology that can produce quality parts in a layer-tolayer manner. This research mainly addresses the sustainability of AM, especially focusing on the FDM’s energy consumption. FDM was selected as the target of this investigation and methods were discussed for exploring the relationship between printing parameters and energy consumption
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