A Quake Quenching the Vela Pulsar

Abstract

Abstract The remarkable null pulse coincident with the 2016 glitch in Vela rotation indicates a dynamical event involving the crust and the magnetosphere of the neutron star. We propose that a crustal quake associated with the glitch strongly disturbed the Vela magnetosphere and thus interrupted its radio emission. We present the first global numerical simulations of a neutron starquake. Our code resolves the elasto-dynamics of the entire crust and follows the evolution of Alfvén waves excited in the magnetosphere. We observe Rayleigh surface waves propagating away from the epicenter of the quake, around the circumference of the crust—an instance of the so-called whispering gallery modes. The Rayleigh waves set the initial spatial scale of the magnetospheric disturbance. Once launched, the Aflvén waves bounce in the closed magnetosphere, become de-phased, and generate strong electric currents, capable of igniting electric discharge. Most likely, the discharge floods the magnetosphere with electron–positron plasma, quenching the radio emission. We find that the observed ∼0.2 s disturbance is consistent with the damping time of the crustal waves if the crust is magnetically coupled to the superconducting core of the neutron star. The quake is expected to produce a weak X-ray burst of short duration.