Abstract
It is widely accepted that education in undergraduate Nursing courses must be grounded on technoscientific and humanistic perspectives, based on Nursing theories. Theoretical Nursing bases are precariously inserted in the development of the teaching process, as reflected in the resulting quality of the education of future professionals. With the objective of identifying the theoretical Nursing reference frameworks adopted in the teaching practice by nurses of health institutions in the development of the process of educating nurses in a private university, this qualitative approach study has used the hermeneutic analysis to interpret the statements expressed in the interviews. Meleis’ theoretical Nursing reference frameworks led to establishing the categories related to needs, interaction and results in the following fields: perspective, focus, goal, problem and therapeutics of Nursing, in regard to the schools. Characteristics included in the theories of Horta (needs), Orlando (interaction) and Levine (results) emerged by similarity from the subjects’ statements. Related to the theoretical referential framework proposed by Meleis, the statements made it possible to identify aspects based on the different guidelines of these schools. The study of this situation brings out the need for adopting theoretical Nursing reference frameworks which will be used as foundation for the professors´ discussions about concepts concerning individuals and groups.
Highlights
RESUMEN Se tiene la convicción de que la enseñanza en curso de graduación en Enfermería debe basarse en perspectivas humanistas y técnico-científicas, de acuerdo con las teorías de Enfermería
A interpretação das representações dos enfermeiros em relação à Escola de Pensamento dos Resultados possibilitou conceber a postura do profissional que se proponha estabelecer uma intervenção de Enfermagem de acordo com os princípios inseridos nos conceitos de Levine(2) como sendo: agir para adaptar e restaurar a integridade estrutural, pessoal e social do indivíduo, vendo-o como um ser holístico
Theoretical Nursing bases are precariously inserted in the development of the teaching process, as reflected in the resulting quality of the education of future professionals
Summary
Os dados coletados foram organizados observando-se os seguintes passos: transcrição das entrevistas gravadas e sua leitura exaustiva em relação às questões do estudo; classificação do material transcrito, após leitura rigorosa e crítica; reordenação e reclassificação do material, para o estabelecendo das categorias segundo as escolas de pensamento (necessidades, interação, resultados), considerando-se os domínios, visão, foco, meta, problemas e terapêutica de enfermagem, de forma a representar as características presentes que fossem relevantes para a apreensão do objeto de estudo; realização de análise reflexiva e relacional dos dados empíricos, conforme referencial eleito(4,10). Antes da entrevista os sujeitos foram esclarecidos sobre os objetivos do estudo, o sigilo, o anonimato, o compromisso da divulgação dos resultados, bem como sobre sua liberdade de se decidir quanto a participar ou não. A assinatura do Termo de Consentimento Livre e Esclarecido expressou sua concordância para a entrevista gravada
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