Abstract
We report on the development of a lactose sensor based on the transport protein lactose permease (LP) which cotransports lactose and H + ions in a strictly stoichiometric ratio of 1:1. The sensor is realized by reconstituting LP in E. coli lipid vesicles which spread on hydrophilic oxide surfaces thereby forming supported phospholipid bilayers (SPBs). Essential for the function of this biosensor is first the buffer capacity of the solution and second the small volume of water entrapped above the gate of an ion-sensitive field-effect transistor (ISFET) to monitor pH changes upon lactose changes. In the present study the influence of these two parameters on the sensor performance was investigated. Ellipsometry was used to estimate thicknesses and refractive indices of the ISFET overlayer sandwich. Thicknesses were independently determined by a biochemical tracer technique.
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