Abstract
This work describes a robust and powerful method for wide-scope target and non-target analysis of xenobiotics in biota samples based on bead beating tissuelyser extraction, solid phase extraction (SPE) clean-up and further detection by liquid chromatography coupled to high resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS). Unlike target methodologies, non-target methods usually aim at determining a wide range of still unknown substances with different physicochemical properties. Therefore, losses during the extraction process were minimised. Apart from that, the reduction of possible interferences showed to be necessary to expand the number of compounds that can be detected. This was achieved with an additional SPE clean-up step carried out with mixed-bed multi-layered cartridges. The method was validated with a set of 27 compounds covering a wide range of physicochemical properties, and further applied to the analysis of krill and fish samples.•The bead beating extraction was efficient for a wide range of organic pollutants in small quantities of biota samples.•Multi-layered solid phase extraction clean-up yield a wide xenobiotics coverage reducing matrix effects.•Method validation with 27 compounds led to a suitable method for non-target analysis of organic pollutants in biota.
Highlights
Freeze-dryer (Lyo-alpha 6–80 Telstar) Ceramic mortar Milli-Q water (Millipore) Ethanol for cleaning (Schalab) Precision balance (Mettler Toledo) Tissuelyzer Virtex-Genie 2 (MoBio Laboratorios, INC) Centrifuge 5418R (Eppendorf) 2 mL extraction tubes (Deltalab) Zirconium beads (Precellys) Acetonitrile (HPLC-grade, Fischer Scientific) Citric acid anydrous
The development of non-target methodologies for the determination of organic contaminants that are not covered by existing target methodologies in complex biological samples is an urgent need
Liquid chromatography coupled to high resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS) has dramatically increased the opportunities for the detection of polar organic contaminants in complex samples [3]
Summary
A protocol for wide-scope non-target analysis of contaminants in small amounts of biota using bead beating tissuelyser extraction and LC-HRMS. This work describes a robust and powerful method for wide-scope target and non-target analysis of xenobiotics in biota samples based on bead beating tissuelyser extraction, solid phase extraction (SPE) clean-up and further detection by liquid chromatography coupled to high resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS). The bead beating extraction was efficient for a wide range of organic pollutants in small quantities of biota samples. Method name: Non-target wide-scope analysis of organic contaminants for small quantities of biota samples Keywords: Biota, Non-target screening, Suspect screening, Bead beating, Mixed-mode solid phase extraction, HRMS Article history: Available online 5 January 2021. Analytical chemistry, Molecular Biology and Environmental sciences Organic contaminants Non-target wide-scope analysis of organic contaminants for small quantities of biota samples Impact of fullerenes in the bioaccumulation and biotransformation of venlafaxine, diuron and triclosan in river biofilms [1]; Extended Suspect and Non-Target Strategies to Characterize Emerging Polar Organic Contaminants in Raw Wastewater with LC-HRMS/MS [2]
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