Abstract
The present study aimed to evaluate effects of a water-soluble protein fraction of chicken (CP), with a low methionine/glycine ratio, on plasma homocysteine and metabolites related to homocysteine metabolism. Male Wistar rats were fed either a control diet with 20% w/w casein as the protein source, or an experimental diet where 6, 14 or 20% w/w of the casein was replaced with the same amount of CP for four weeks. Rats fed CP had reduced plasma total homocysteine level and markedly increased levels of the choline pathway metabolites betaine, dimethylglycine, sarcosine, glycine and serine, as well as the transsulfuration pathway metabolites cystathionine and cysteine. Hepatic mRNA level of enzymes involved in homocysteine remethylation, methionine synthase and betaine-homocysteine S-methyltransferase, were unchanged, whereas cystathionine gamma-lyase of the transsulfuration pathway was increased in the CP treated rats. Plasma concentrations of vitamin B2, folate, cobalamin, and the B-6 catabolite pyridoxic acid were increased in the 20% CP-treated rats. In conclusion, the CP diet was associated with lower plasma homocysteine concentration and higher levels of serine, choline oxidation and transsulfuration metabolites compared to a casein diet. The status of related B-vitamins was also affected by CP.
Highlights
Hypolipidemic effects of processed proteins or peptides have been reported in numerous different animal models [1,2,3,4,5,6,7]
Metabolites of the transsulfuration pathway were affected by chicken protein (CP) treatment as the plasma concentrations of both cystathionine (Figure 2C) and cysteine (Figure 2D) were increased by 14% and
In this study in rats fed a normal fat diet (7%, w/w) we demonstrated that a water-soluble protein extract of chicken (CP) with a low methionine/glycine ratio reduced plasma total homocysteine (tHcy) and increased levels of serine and metabolites of choline oxidation and transsulfuration compared to a casein diet
Summary
Hypolipidemic effects of processed proteins or peptides have been reported in numerous different animal models [1,2,3,4,5,6,7]. These effects are most likely due to the amino acid composition or specific peptides in the different protein sources [1,8,9,10]. We observed different plasma concentrations of several amino acids between the groups, with lower methionine and higher glycine and serine in animals fed CP. It can be permanently eliminated via the transsulfuration pathway to cystathionine and cysteine by the
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