Abstract

A prosthesis designed to partially replace the articular surfaces of the radial and third carpal bones was implanted bilaterally in 6 normal horses. The prosthesis consisted of a convex metal alloy component, and a concave ultra‐high molecular weight polyethylene component, for implantation into the radial and third carpal bones, respectively. One horse underwent the soft tissue approach only to serve as a control. Effects on joint motion and pathologic changes were monitored over a 6‐month period using clinical examination, synovial fluid analysis, electrogoniometry, high‐speed cinematography, radiography, and gross and microscopic pathologic examination. Six months following implantation, all horses that received implants would trot, with slight to moderate lameness. Electrogoniometric and cinematographic evaluation of joint motion demonstrated a reduction in amplitude of the carpus in 4 horses receiving implants; however, in 2 horses, the reduction was less than, or equivalent to, that of the control horse. One horse that received the prosthesis was rideable, and was able to run with minimal lameness. Radiography, synovial fluid analysis, and gross and microscopic pathologic examination revealed varying degrees of synovitis and osteoarthritis. Biomechanical alterations of the middle carpal joint and release of wear particles from the prosthesis were considered to be major causes of these secondary changes. Changes in design of the prosthesis, intended to more accurately maintain normal joint biomechanics are proposed.

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