A prospective study on ultra-wide diameter dental implants for immediate molar replacement.

Abstract

Although wide diameter implants are well documented, little is known about ultra-wide diameter implants (>6 mm). This study evaluates the clinical outcome of ultra-wide diameter implants, placed in molar extraction sockets. Ultra-wide diameter implants (7-9 mm) were placed immediately after molar extraction in a 1-stage protocol, without raising a flap or using any bone grafts. After 4 months, the implant was loaded with a single screw-retained crown. Bone loss was evaluated using peri-apical radiographs. Plaque and bleeding were recorded. Crown and papilla dimensions were measured and compared with the contra-lateral tooth. Fifty-one patients (36 male and 15 female), mean ages 61 years old, were treated with 26 implants in the maxilla and 25 implants in the mandible. The majority had a thick (#19) or medium (#31) biotype. After a mean-follow-up period of 23 months, the mean bone level was located 1.16 mm apical of the implant-abutment junction (SD 0.42, range 0.00-2.45) while the actual bone remodeling associated with socket healing resulted in a mean coronal movement of the bone level of 0.15 mm. The mean insertion torque was 116 Ncm (SD 53, range 10-250). There were no differences in papilla height (P = .55), crown length (P = .32), zenith (P = .84), and bucco-palatal dimensions (P = .38). There was a significant difference in the mesio-distal dimension (P = .01). Mean probing depth was 2.59 mm at the implant and 2.23 mm at the contra-lateral tooth (P = .001). There was significantly more plaque at the tooth compared to the implant (P = .01), but there was no significant difference in terms of bleeding on probing (P = .08). Patient satisfaction was high with 72.5% of the patients experiencing no problems at all. Ultra-wide diameter implants have a predictable outcome, demonstrating very little bone loss. Papilla and crown dimensions were comparable to the contra-lateral natural tooth.