Abstract
Introduction: Perforation is defined as an abnormal opening in a hollow organ or viscus. All overthe world, perforation peritonitis is the most prevalent surgical emergency tackled and treated by asurgical team. The etiology leading to peritonitis in tropical countries shows a different spectrumfrom its western world. The present study was conducted to highlight the spectrum of hollow viscusperforation peritonitis in terms of etiology, clinical presentations, site of perforation, surgicaltreatment, postoperative complications, and mortality encountered. Methods: The study was aprospective observational study conducted from March 2016 to March 2019 in the Department ofGeneral Surgery, Great Eastern Medical School and Hospital, Andhra Pradesh. A total of 320 patientswith perforation peritonitis were included in the study and underwent exploratory laparotomy.Results: Out of 320 patients, there were 276 males (86.25%) and 44 females (13.75%). Duodenalperforation was the most common type (34.38%), which was mainly due to Acid peptic diseasefollowed by Jejunal and Ileal perforations. Wound infection was the most common complication. Themortality rate was 8.44% (27 patients). Conclusion: Early diagnosis, resuscitation with fluids, andtimely surgical intervention are the most important factors deciding the fate of the patient withperforation peritonitis.
Highlights
Perforation is defined as an abnormal opening in a hollow organ or viscus
Early diagnosis, resuscitation with fluids, and timely surgical intervention are the most important factors deciding the fate of the patient with perforation peritonitis
Gastric and prepyloric perforations comprised (18.13%) cases, while duodenal perforation was the most common type (34.38%) (Table 4), which were mainly due to Acid peptic disease (48.75%), Jejunal and Ileal perforations (33.45%) were due to typhoid, tuberculosis, and trauma
Summary
Perforation is defined as an abnormal opening in a hollow organ or viscus. All over the world, perforation peritonitis is the most prevalent surgical emergency tackled and treated by a surgical team. The etiology leading to peritonitis in tropical countries shows a different spectrum from its western world. The present study was conducted to highlight the spectrum of hollow viscus perforation peritonitis in terms of etiology, clinical presentations, site of perforation, surgical treatment, postoperative complications, and mortality encountered. Results: Out of 320 patients, there were 276 males (86.25%) and 44 females (13.75%). Generalized peritonitis as a result of gastrointestinal perforation is a common surgical emergency in India [1]. Perforation is defined as an abnormal opening in a hollow organ or viscus. It is derived from the Latin perforatus, meaning “to bore through.”. The spectrum of gastrointestinal perforation is having wide-geographical variations; in western countries with a preponderance of lower gastrointestinal perforations as opposed to upper gastrointestinal perforations in developing countries [4,5]
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