A prospective study of prevalence, risk factors, isolates & antimicrobial sensitivity pattern in Asymptomatic Bacteriuria among Antenatal women in Rajarajeswari Medical College & Hospital

Abstract

Introduction: Urinary tract infections are one of the common infections during pregnancy. Asymptomatic bacteriuria is one of the risk factor and clinical manifestation of urinary tract infections. Detection of asymptomatic bacteriuria during pregnancy is important as subsequently 25% of infected women progress to chronic urinary tract infections resistant to chemotherapy. These infections leads to various pregnancy associated maternal complications like pregnancy induced hypertension, maternal anemia, preterm labor and fetal complication like low birth weight which can be prevented by detecting and treating asymptomatic bacteriuria. Aims and Objectives: This study was carried out to detect the prevalence of asymptomatic bacteriuria in antenatal women attending outpatient department in Rajarajeswari Medical College & Hospital, to identify the common causative organisms responsible for asymptomatic bacteriuria and antimicrobial sensitivity pattern of pathogens isolated. Material and Methods: 500 asymptomatic pregnant women who attended outpatient clinic in Ob & G department Rajarajeswari Medical College & Hospital Bangalore, Karnataka, India were enrolled. Mid stream of urine was collected by clean catch technique into a sterile container and then subjected to culture& antimicrobial sensitivity test. Results: Our study showed 12% (60/500) prevalence of asymptomatic bacteriuria among antenatal women. Insignificant bacteriuria in 4% (20/500), growth of contaminants 6% (30/500) and sterile urine 78% (390/500) were seen in samples cultured. Lower socio-economic status, lower level of education, multiparity, advancing maternal age and advancing gestation period were associated with high risk for asymptomatic bacteriuria. The most common organism grown was Escherichia coli (E. coli) in 40/60 cases (66.66%), followed by Klebsiella in 8/60 cases (13.66%), Enterococcus in 7/60 (11.66%) and Staphylococcus aureus in 3/60 cases (5%). The most effective antimicrobial agent agai