A Prospective Observational Study of High-Dose Intrathecal Diamorphine in Laparoscopic Bariatric Surgery: a Single-Centre Experience.

Abstract

Post-operative pain management following laparoscopic bariatric surgery can be challenging. There are concerns regarding the use of opioids. The rate of cardiorespiratory problems following neuraxial opioids is unclear. There is little published data on their use in bariatric surgery. This study aimed to assess technique feasibility, pain outcomes, patient acceptability, and the side effects and complications of a 'high-dose' (1.0mg) intrathecal diamorphine technique for patients undergoing primary laparoscopic bariatric surgery. Fifty patients were included. Eleven patients (22%) had a diagnosis of OSA. All patients had a spinal anaesthetic with 2.0mL of 0.25% isobaric bupivacaine containing 1.0mg diamorphine. General anaesthesia followed together with multi-modal analgesia and anti-emesis. Post-operative pain scores, complications, and side effects in the first 24h post-operative period were documented. Patients were followed up 6 to 8weeks after discharge. All patients had a working spinal anaesthetic with thirty-nine insertions (78%) on the first attempt. Pain scores were similar to previously published data where they were found to be superior to a non-spinal analgesic regime. The median 24h post-operative oral morphine equivalent consumption was 5mg. Eight patients (16%) required urinary catheterisation. Four patients (8%) complained of pruritus. Eighteen patients (36%) had post-operative nausea or vomiting. Thirty-three patients (66%) responded to the follow-up request. Thirty of the thirty-three patients (91%) stated they would have the spinal anaesthetic again. We have demonstrated that neuraxial blockade is a simple, practical, and feasible technique to adopt. Our case series demonstrated a high level of patient acceptability.