A Proposal for Criteria of Safe and Functional Port: The Perspective of Seafarers

Abstract

Indonesia is the largest archipelagic state in the world with abundant natural resources and its geographical location. However, domestic connectivity is one of the major national issues that cause economic disparity among regions in Indonesia. The government is giving attention to maritime infrastructure development, especially port construction. Port construction process, applying other infrastructure construction standard in Indonesia, is started by setting an aim to get profit from the owner company. Then the owner company choose designer consultant to make a Detailed Engineering Design. After that, the tender process is conducted to select Construction Company. Finally, the chosen contractor start the construction. Seafarers, as the intense user of port facilities, have to accept the port condition as it is. Opinions from seafarers regarding the safety and functionality of ports would make the port acceptable for seafarer and could improve working performance at ports and support better-living conditions in the surrounding areas. Thus, the objectives of the paper are to find the criteria of the safe and functional port, to find the safest and most functional port standards from seafarers` point of view, and to propose the recommendation program to improve the level of safety and functionality of the port, especially in Tanjung Perak Port as case study. The discussion will be focused on passenger terminal and RoRo ship, so the seafarers who are onboard the Roro ships are targeted as respondent. Safety of port and functionality of port are defined using 4M Overturned Pyramid (MOP) model. Seven points of criteria of the safe and functional seaport have been obtained. The questionnaire is then created to approach the seafarers’ opinion regarding the safety and functionality of the port. The port that durable in all-weather condition (strong wind, wave height, tide, temperature) is chosen as the safest and most functional port by seafarers.