Abstract
Anovel electrochemical method has beendeveloped, based on a covalent organic framework (COF) and reduced graphene oxide (rGO), to detect fentanyl and alfentanil. COF nanomaterials with chrysanthemum morphology obtained by solvothermal reaction contain rich active sites for electrochemical catalytic reaction, thus improving the detection performance of the designed sensor. Reduced graphene oxide improves the sensor's sensitivity due to enhanced electron transfer. Under optimized experimental conditions, the fabricated electrode presents a linear range of 0.02 to 7.26μM for alfentanil and 0.1 to 6.54μM for fentanyl, with detection limits of 6.7nM and 33nM, respectively. In addition, the sensor possesses excellent selectivity, outstanding reproducibility, and acceptable stability. The proposed sensor is feasible for the reliable monitoring of fentanyl and alfentanil in human serum samples, with acceptable reliability and highpotential in real-world applications. Finally, the electrochemical characteristic fingerprint of fentanyl is investigated by studying the electrochemical behavior of alfentanil and fentanyl on the electrode surface.
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