A prognostic scoring system for adult patients less than 60 years of age with acute lymphoblastic leukemia in first relapse

Abstract

The outcome of patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in first relapse is poor. We retrospectively evaluated patients with ALL in first relapse, 18–60 years of age, to define a prognostic score. For all patients, a scoring system of 0–3 was developed with 1 point for each of the following: age at diagnosis ≥45 years, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) at the time of relapse ≥1.5 times upper limits of normal (ULN), not proceeding to allogeneic bone marrow transplant (BMT). A similar scoring system was developed for patients proceeding to BMT. LDH ≥1.5 times ULN at the time of relapse predicted poor overall survival. Patients with a prognostic score of greater than 1 have a poor prognosis, even with BMT, and should be considered for treatment with innovative approaches such as Phase 1 clinical trials.