Abstract

In this thesis a recycling-reuse model is developed and analyzed. Discarded 2L plastic PET (polyethylene terephthalate) bottles are collected from the market. The non-contaminated PET bottles are either remanufactured or used as regrind mixed with virgin PET to produce new bottles to satisfy varying demand. Contaminated bottles are sold to industries using low grade plastic and only badly contaminated bottles go to landfill. Cost of land use and associated environmental damage is calculated as a present worth and charged to the manufacture. Analyses conducted on this model found that the amount of bottles collected had the largest influence on the outcome of the total system unit time cost. Alternative materials to PET that degrade faster are surveyed and used to demonstrate significant reduction in the cost of landfill disposal. Analysis using a minimal market price for remanufactured and newly produced bottles resulted in profit.

Highlights

  • “increasing demand rate is very small”[19] and that the “demand is approximately constant”[19], since the “manufacturing cost is higher than the recycling cost”[19] the “manufacturer wants more remanufacturing as possible”19, “production goes on for a short period of time”[19] and on the “other hand production and recycling occur for a long period of time”[19] and lastly at the time of production “non-serviceable stock gradually increases as products are continuously collected from the market”[19]

  • The results of the analysis found by Rebeiz[31] showed that the polyester concrete (PC) had “very good mechanical and durability properties”[31] and when reinforced with steel bars “the material is much stronger and more ductile when compared to “steel-reinforced Portland cement concrete”[31]

  • A recycling-reuse model that remanufactures non-contaminated Polyethylene terephthalate” (PET) plastic bottles and uses regrind from damaged non-contaminated PET bottles mixed with virgin PET material in the production of new bottles was developed and analyzed in order to reduce the amount of plastic PET bottles that are disposed of in landfill

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Summary

A PRODUCTION-RECYCLING-REUSE MODEL FOR PLASTIC BEVERAGES BOTTLES

I hereby declare that I am the sole author of this thesis or dissertation. I authorize Ryerson University to lend this thesis or dissertation to other institutions or individuals for the purpose of scholarly research. I further authorize Ryerson University to reproduce this thesis or dissertation by photocopying or by other means, in total or in part, at the request of other institutions or individuals for the purpose of scholarly research. Ryerson University requires the signature of all persons using or photocopying this thesis.

A PRODUCTION-RECYCLING-REUSE MODEL FOR PLASTIC BEVERAGES
Chapter 1: INTRODUCTION
Chapter 2: LITERATURE SURVEY
Production-Recycling Models
Alternative Materials
Industries that use Recycled PET Material
Comparison of Models, Analysis of Alternative Materials and Use of Recycled PET Material
CHAPTER 3: THE MATHEMATICAL MODEL
Input Parameters and Decision Variables
Assumptions
Flow Diagram for a Plastic Bottle Recycling System
The Model
Process C
Process E
Process F
Deriving an Expression for the Order Replenishment Quantity
Chapter Summary
CHAPTER 4: RESULTS
Analysis
Regression Analysis
Chapter Summary In this chapter cost parameters were suggested and rationalized
Discussion
Findings
Recommendations
Conclusion
Full Text
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