Abstract
Abstract Farm animal welfare has become an increasing area of consumer and customer interest globally and this has resulted in dramatic changes related to on-farm accountability. Some markets are demanding an on-farm, transparent and accountable animal welfare programme. Knowing what key elements are required is critical. Key elements range from (a) caretaker qualities; (b) record keeping and standard operating procedures; (c) animal- and resource-based measures; (d) communication to (e) caretaker empowerment. The ultimate on-farm welfare programme goal is to provide the highest animal care. This review will provide context to these key elements that in turn can be used to create or improve on-farm animal welfare programmes.
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