Abstract

In Serra da Capivara National Park there is a wide range of archeological sites which provides diverse information about the first human settlements in America since it holds many characteristics from their existence in different ecosystems of the region. It is possible to identify in the paintings – from the various rock zoomorphic representations and their likely interpretations – species absent today in the region and others completely extinct; some are so well done that it is possible to identify the gender of the printed animal through antlers and other species gender determinant characteristics. Based on the identification and a deep study of the fauna pictured in the cave paintings of the Serra do Capivara National Park as well as on the information gathered from the literature, the aim is to rebuild the probable environmental conditions from the period when the paintings were made, thus becoming a reliable paleoenvironmental reference.

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