Abstract

目的评价小剂量地西他滨治疗较低危骨髓增生异常综合征(MDS)患者的初步疗效及安全性,探讨MDS相关基因突变的临床意义。方法纳入浙江省4所医院收治的62例较低危MDS患者,治疗分2组,地西他滨组(地西他滨12 mg·m−2·d−1,连续5 d)和支持治疗组,检测与MDS预后相关的15项基因突变情况。比较两组患者的总体有效率(ORR)和无进展生存(PFS)时间,分析其与基因突变的相关性。结果62例患者中,可评估患者51例,其中地西他滨组24例,支持治疗组27例。与支持治疗组相比,地西他滨组的ORR(66.7%对29.6%,χ2=6.996,P=0.008)和中位PFS时间显著改善(未达到对13.7个月,P=0.037)。51例患者中20例(39.2%)检测到基因突变阳性,其中4例患者单纯SF3B1阳性,均在支持治疗组。与基因突变阴性患者相比,16例基因突变阳性(除单纯SF3B1阳性)患者中位PFS时间显著缩短(9.2个月对18.5个月,P=0.008),其中地西他滨组8例患者中6例有效,支持治疗组无一例(0/8)有效。地西他滨治疗期间主要不良反应为3~4级粒细胞减少(45.8%),3~4级感染发生率为33.3%(8/24)。结论该研究小系列患者的初步结果表明应用小剂量地西他滨治疗较低危MDS患者可能有效,对于基因突变患者也可获益,且患者耐受,值得临床试验进一步明确其临床意义。

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