Abstract
PIVOTAL displacement or “turning” is a purely physical factor, necessary during incubation for the normal development and hatchability of all domestic fowl embryos. In order to provide the required stimulus, modern commercial incubators are so constructed that the trays of eggs can be tilted back and forth through a 90 degree arc (i.e., 45 degrees each way from horizontal). It is common procedure to candle the eggs and transfer them to hatching trays on the 18th day.If shaking agitation could be substituted for conventional turning, several advantages would ensue: (1) eggs could be incubated and hatched in the same tray; (2) labor costs resulting from the 18-day handling would be eliminated; and (3) incubator space could be utilized more efficiently.There are, however, several experimental observations recorded in the literature which counsel against the workability of such a scheme. Stiles and Watterson (1937) described in rather complete detail the …
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