A preliminary study on the association between pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-1 beta polymorphisms and susceptibility to hepatitis C infection in Malay male Malay drug abusers

Abstract

Introduction: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection frequently leads to liver complications, such as fibrosis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. The incidence of HCV infection transmission among drug abusers is concerning. Interleukin-1 beta (IL-1b) is a pro-inflammatory cytokine secreted during innate and adaptive immune responses and plays a pivotal role in chronic inflammatory diseases. Functional single nucleotide polymorphisms in IL-1b cause it to play different roles in disease susceptibility and progression. This study aimed to investigate the association between genetic polymorphisms of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1b) and HCV infection susceptibility in Malay male drug abusers. Methods: In total, 48 male Malay drug abusers were included in this retrospective case-control study. Genomic DNA was extracted from whole blood samples and analyzed using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) for the IL-1b rs16944 and rs1143634 polymorphisms. Results: Analysis of IL-1b rs1143634 revealed that the C/C genotype was common in both the case and control groups; however, no statistical significance was observed (p = 0.068, c2 = 3.755). Genotyping of IL-1b demonstrated that all samples were of the homozygous mutant type (T/T). Conclusion: There was no association between IL-1b polymorphism (rs1143634 and rs16944) and hepatitis C infection susceptibility among Malay male drug abusers.