Abstract
Some aspects of the fluid mechanics of liquid penetrant testing are considered. Penetration is represented by surface tension driven flow into defects of small defect width to depth ratio. Defect width is chosen so that both gravitational and non-continuum effects may be ignored. Penetration time is found to follow a Rideal-Washburn relation, in which where t is time, l defect depth, μ the dynamic viscosity, γ the surface tension, R the defect width and θ the contact angle. The proportionality constant, however, is shown to be strongly dependent on defect geometry and penetrant application procedure. The effect of slight fluid elasticity is shown to be negligible.
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