Abstract
Three separate mathematical models were combined to calculate the changes in carbon monoxide (CO) concentrations that might result from traffic engineering changes. The three models used were: (1) The Dynamic Highway Transportation model (DHTM) which relates traffic flow patterns to physical parameters and traffic signal characteristics of a network; (2) an emission model that predicts CO emissions from traffic flow parameters such as number of stops, idling time, etc; and (3) the APRAC-1A urban diffusion model which calculates CO concentrations from source distributions and meteorological factors. The composite model was applied to traffic in downtown Chicago for a specific set of meteorological conditions. Results are compared for two traffic signal control schemes. In those blocks where concentrations were highest, the model indicates a 20% reduction is possible through improved traffic signal controls. The model should be useful for testing other traffic control measures.
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