A preliminary study of conditioned motor reflexes in thyroidectomized sheep.

Abstract

The investigation of habit formation in thyroidectomized sheep and goats by the maze method has yielded results difficult to analyze because of the complicated responses elicited. The conditioned motor reflex method of Bekhterev has, therefore, been adopted. In a preliminary experiment a conditioned reflex to a tactile stimulus was established in three animals, two thyroidectomized sheep, aged three and four years respectively, and the twin control of the three year cretin. Tactile stimuli were applied to a spot on the rump, at the rate of thirty per minute, for periods varying from two to ten seconds. With the final stimulus, a far-adic current was applied to the left foreleg of sufficient intensity to evoke a defensive movement. The first definite leg movement, in response to the tactile stimulus alone, occurred at the tenth combination in the control and in the three year cretin, and at the seventeenth combination in the older cretin. At the end of the ninth day and forty-fifth combination, one milligram of thyroxin was administered to each thyroidectomized animal. In spite of this, one and one half months later the younger cretin died and the training of the other animals was then discontinued, after two hundred thirty-eight combinations of conditioned and unconditioned stimuli. After an interval of six and one half months the tactile stimulus without reenforcement evoked a vigorous conditioned reflex in both normal and cretin sheep. This is shown in Fig. 1, the tracing from the cretin appearing at the left. Continued tactile stimulation without application of the faradic current soon elicited a less extensive response (see Fig. 2) and finally, after one hundred nine periods of stimulation, distributed over sixteen days, the conditioned reflex failed to appear in either animal on the seventeenth day.